Sunseekers on the beach at La Barceloneta.
Photograph: Paola de Grenet for the Guardian
One of the coolest destinations in Europe just two decades ago,
Barcelona is now so overcrowded it has become a tourist theme park – and
is losing the character that made it so popular
by Stephen Burgen. Photography: Paola de Grenet
Sunseekers on the beach at La Barceloneta.
Photograph: Paola de Grenet for the Guardian
One of the coolest destinations in Europe just two decades ago,
Barcelona is now so overcrowded it has become a tourist theme park – and
is losing the character that made it so popular
by Stephen Burgen. Photography: Paola de Grenet
It’s
9am on a hot August morning and timed tickets to visit Barcelona’s
emblematic Sagrada Família basilica have already sold out. Only a few
years ago you could turn up and queue for maybe half an hour to get in
but with the soaring numbers of visitors to the city (around 30 million
last year) anyone who arrives on spec is likely to be disappointed.
Those who have tickets amuse themselves in the queue by taking
selfies in front of the temple’s ornate nativity facade. Groups of
tourists trail behind their lollipop-waving guides. Street vendors
spread out their wares on the pavement – pirated designer sunglasses and
tacky memorabilia - until a heavily-armed police patrol moves them on.
At the stalls around the square you can buy soft toys, Gaudí ashtrays
and Barça scarves.
Antoni Gaudí’s masterpiece was begun in 1882 and is due for
completion in 2026. The work was intended to be funded by penitent
sinners – but there are more tourists than repenters around these days
(it is the city’s most popular destination, with 4.5 million visitors in
2016), so tourists are footing the bill.
The Sagrada Família, Barcelona’s most popular destination
Even tourists who book tickets for popular sights such as the Sagrada Família (left) Casa Batlló (right) are in for a long wait
At Casa Batlló, Gaudí’s apartment building in the busy Passeig de
Gràcia, the queue snakes around the corner, and this is the queue for
people who have bought advance tickets at €28.50. They wait behind a
sign that says “Skip the Line”. The woman at the door says the wait for
people with tickets is around 20 minutes. After a pause she shrugs: “OK,
perhaps more like 40.”
Barcelona remains a beautiful city, one of the most attractive in
Europe, huddled between the mountains and the sea, with a wonderful
climate and wealth of architecture and history.
It remains a beautiful city but there is now tat for sale at every turn
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It
used to pride itself on the quality of its design and was dubbed the
capital of cool in the late 20th century. It is far from cool now
though, and a day traipsing around the tourist hotspots reveals how it
has become the home of tat, with the magic word “Barcelona” printed on
any old junk, from straw hats and teddy bears to beach towels and coffee
mugs. Not to mention all manner of ceramic creatures made in Gaudí’s trencadís style of broken tiles.
La Rambla … Barcelona’s most famous street is now its epicentre of overtourism
La Rambla is Barcelona’s most famous street but for residents it
became its least-loved long ago, so crowded as to be virtually
impassable for nine months of the year.
From the moment it was created in the 18th century La Rambla became a
place where the wealthy could flaunt their finery and the poor could
hustle and everyone could breathe, outside the walls of the crowded
mediaeval city. It was never chic, indeed, it was always slightly edgy
and marginal – but now there is nothing but souvenir shops, interspersed
by McDonald’s and shabby restaurants serving kebabs and paella a
startling shade of chrome yellow.
Shuffling room only on La Rambla
At all hours, young men invite you sotto voce to a “coffee shop” à la
Amsterdam. This is something new. At night there are prostitutes, which
isn’t new, except now most of the women have been trafficked.
Last year a consortium was appointed to come up with a plan to
attract residents back to La Rambla. They have consulted widely and
details of the plan are expected to be published soon, but they have
their work cut out.
“La Rambla is above all a business,” says Fermín Villar, president of
the Friends of La Rambla, which represents the street’s residential and
commercial interests. “Every year more than 100 million people walk
along this street. Imagine, if each person spends only one euro.”
Itziar González, the architect who heads the symposium, says the
first task is to convince people that La Rambla can be saved. “It’s not
just about changing things,” she says, “it’s about changing minds.”
Feeding the pigeons on Plaza Catalunya
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It’s
doubtful, however, whether the Boqueria food market on La Rambla can be
saved. Once a mecca for cooks and foodies where you could buy
everything from truffles to edible insects, the stallholders are one by
one caving in to the force majeure of tourism, with fresh fish, meat and
vegetables giving way to juice bars and assorted takeaways. The very
reason for visiting la Boqueria – even as a tourist – will soon cease to
exist.
Once one of the finest food markets in Europe, the Boqueria market is now a tourist trap
Barcelona is one of Europe’s most densely populated cities, with few
open spaces. So when the seafront at Barceloneta was opened up in time
for the 1992 Olympic Games it gave the city breathing space, just as La
Rambla had two centuries earlier. It became the new place to pasear, the evening or Sunday stroll that is such a part of Spanish life.
But Barceloneta has become another no-go zone for residents as it has
degenerated into a sort of urban Lloret de Mar. Lie on the crowded
beach and every few minutes a vendor will offer you beer or water or a
mojito, a massage, a henna tattoo and sometimes weed. Rickshaws ply the
waterfront while shirtless young men whizz by on electric scooters.
The beach district of Barceloneta has become a virtual no-go zone for local residents
The saddest thing about all this is the city is rapidly losing its
identity and becoming like everywhere else. A new word has been coined
to describe this apparently unstoppable process: parquetematización – the act of becoming a theme park. Barcelona has become an imitation of itself. Looking for a holiday with a difference? Browse Guardian Holidays to find a range of fantastic trips
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